July 1963: U.S. interrogation manual

"KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation" was produced by the CIA (KUBARK being the agency's code name for itself). The manual was declassified in 1997. From the introduction:

     This manual cannot teach anyone how to be, or become, a good interrogator. At best it can help readers to avoid the characteristic mistakes of poor interrogators.  Its purpose is to provide guidelines for KUBARK interrogation, and particularly the counterintelligence interrogation of resistant sources. ... As is true of all craftsmen, some interrogators are more able than others; and some of the superiority may be innate. But sound interrogation nevertheless rests upon a knowledge of the subject matter on certain broad principles, chiefly psychological, which are not hard to understand. The success of good interrogators depends in large measure upon their use, conscious or not, of these principles and of processes and techniques deriving from them.

* Manual, pages 1 through 60: @
* Pages 61 through 112: @
* Pages 113 through 128: @
* "Prisoner Abuse: Patterns from the Past" (from National Security Archive, 2004): @

* "Iraq Tactics Have Long History With U.S. Interrogators" (Washington Post, 2004): @
* "The Birth of Soft Torture" (www.slate.com, 2005): @
* "Educing Information. Interrogation: Science and Art -- Foundations for the Future" (National Defense Intelligence College, 2006): @
* "Torture and Democracy" (Darius Rejali, 2007): @
* "Torture and State Violence in the United States: A Short Documentary History" (Robert M. Pallitto, 2011): @
* "Communist Attempts to Elicit False Confessions from Air Force Prisoners of War" (Albert D. Biderman, 1957): @ 

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